Stem Cells "anti-aging" Reality and Possibility

People will aging, anti-aging has always been in old people's expectations, to this end, many people spare no effort to find out the ways to prolong life, eternal youth, looking forward to maintaining strong physique and vitality, thus better able to face changing and competitive society to survive. In order to meet the needs of people are aging, a variety of anti-aging theory and related technology products, is now widely popular stem cell aging is one of them.
The nature of aging
What is aging? What is the nature of aging? Aging is a biological, over time, spontaneous inevitable process, show the structure of degeneration, and functional decline, adaptability and resistance loss, lose interest in new things, beyond reality, like nostalgia. On the physiology, aging is the birth of the people, namely the formation of the zygote has been to old death of individual development.
Aging tissues and organs of the human body structure degeneration and function is reduced, its essence is attenuation, cells and cell decay caused by attenuation and is mainly composed of stem cells.
Stem cells is to explore human growth, development and aging at the core of the link, from the perspective of clinical medicine, stem cell therapy treatment could completely change for many diseases, especially through the tissue and organ replacement and repair many refractory diseases treatment. Stem cells can effective treat the blood disease, autoimmune disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis treatment, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc., and is likely to become the new strategy for treatment of aging. Stem cell therapy has been carried out in the world.
At present, a growing number of scientists research using stem cells to treat age-related diseases and even live longer with stem cells are discussed. A large number of experiments have shown that stem cells have anti-aging effect, some preliminary clinical trial results also indicate the stem cells for treatment of senile degenerative diseases effectively.
The role of autologous stem cells and limitations
Since the stem cell anti-aging in theory is established, then what is the status of practical application?
Actually, stem cell anti-aging as stem cells to treat disease, faces many problems need to be solved. First of all, it is with his own stem cells or stem cells. From the point of view of immunology, autologous stem cells will not be rejected, can survive and develop its function.
When a person into old age, however, the number and function of stem cells in the body is reduced, therefore, take the autologous stem cell anti-aging is robbing Peter to pay Paul, such as fat or bone marrow stem cells take some out of injected into facial can play a role of some of the improvement of facial aging, but used to systemic anti-aging is nominal.
But if we save the neonatal period of stem cells, such as the placenta umbilical cord stem cells), that is not the case, added extra young autologous stem cells, will produce very good tissue repair regeneration and anti-aging effect.
Another source of autologous stem cells is induced using the latest technology, namely the iPS technology, will be its own mature cells induced into cells with stem cell properties, and develop further amplification, in the laboratory for tissue repair and regeneration and anti-aging.
This has made some progress in the study of animal experiment, but due to the induction technology to produce stem cells genome instability, reportedly has the potential of tumor transformation, at the same time the immune phenotype have some change and have immunogenicity, which also can appear immune rejection.
Therefore, the application of iPS cells to treat disease or premature aging, some people think that impossible, but at least there are many scientific problems to be further elucidated.
Borrow someone else's cells resistant to aging?
If we don't have redundant autologous stem cells, so people's stem cells is available?
It is well known that there are genetic differences between people, only the histocompatibility antigen between the same individual infusion cells do not repel each other. Half of children and the parents' genes are exactly the same, identical twins are identical, rather than between identical twins and sisters brothers have a quarter of the same probability, histocompatibility antigen between unrelated individuals of the same probability of about 100000 PPM.
To sum up, the other people of the stem cells used for healing, and anti-aging immune rejection problem, is the biggest problem that is someone else's stem cells will be immune to rule out sooner or later. So allogeneic stem cells can be used for anti-aging?
Studies have found that human stem cells varied, according to its developmental stage, can be divided into embryonic stem cells, fetal stem cells (including the placenta umbilical cord stem cells) and adult stem cells. Adult stem cells immunogenicity of strong, easy to cause an immune response. If according to their functional division, is divided into between hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, skin cells, etc., including hematopoietic stem cells most likely to cause immune rejection, must match the same shall be used for transplantation.
Mesenchymal stem cells, on the contrary, low immunogenicity, but also has inhibition of immune rejection, so, don't use matches also won't produce immune rejection. Therefore, mesenchymal stem cells are currently most clinical use of stem cells after hematopoietic stem cell.
Between allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells transplanted to other people, usually after a month without a trace, can not find it. But will produce some treatment or after infusion cells anti-aging effect, its degree of associated with infusion the number and frequency of cells.
Disappearance of stem cells is the result of the in vivo differentiation mature immunogenicity by immune clearance, that is a slow process gradually, so will not appear usually visible immune response. Mechanism mainly stem cells released from the effects of various kinds of factors produced by the direct effect. Stem cells within the factor for the lack of mature cells, these factors directly promote the injury and repair of senescent cells.
The study also found that allogeneic stem cell transplantation will start the body's own stem cells activation, resulting in tissue regeneration and reverse aging.
A growing body of research suggests that stem cells have anti-ageing effects, but its real application value remains to be further elucidated.